Recent research has increased our awareness about the gut microbiome and the significant role bacteria play in our bodies. We’re now learning that the microbiome extends beyond the gut; it includes our skin, mouth, and even the environments we interact with daily. Surprisingly, our surroundings are teeming with bacteria, influencing our body’s microbiome just as much as our internal systems do.
Our external environment can directly shape our internal microbial landscape, and this microbial diversity may help protect us from diseases—as long as we’re not overly aggressive with cleaners like bleach. Our homes are filled with diverse microbes, and new testing methods allow us to study and understand these microorganisms better. While people often think of harmful “germs,” beneficial bacteria’s role isn’t fully appreciated.
A sampling of door trims in households across the country showed more than 63,000 fungi species and 116,000 bacteria species, including many beneficial kinds. This suggests that our environment’s microbiome works alongside us, potentially protecting us from harmful bacteria. Factors such as pets, outdoor access, and houseplants affect a home’s microbial environment.
This environment adapts not only to the microbes we bring but also to outside factors like pets, pesticides, and cleaning products. Earlier discussions emphasized the importance of kids and adults interacting with dirt, and it turns out that household “dirt” matters too. For example, children exposed to pets early on can have up to a 13% lower risk of developing asthma. Remarkably, Amish children and those growing up on farms, where microbial diversity is higher, show over a 50% reduced risk of allergies and autoimmune issues.
On the flip side, household items like cell phones often harbor more bacteria than a toilet seat, and public restroom air dryers can spread harmful bacteria around. Interestingly, toilet seats and pillowcases share similar microbial patterns. Since we spend significant time indoors—and indoor air can be more polluted—it’s crucial to pay attention to our home’s microbiome.
Positive factors like pets and exposure to farm environments can enhance the home’s microbial atmosphere. However, not all influences are beneficial:
Modern, well-insulated homes with materials like wood and paper are prone to mold growth. Some mold metabolites can lead to skin irritation, lung problems, and even DNA damage, with no safe exposure level. Mold also disrupts the home’s microbial balance, making it easier for harmful bacteria to thrive.
At first glance, antibacterial products might seem useful, but studies suggest using plain soap and water is just as effective and much safer. Antibacterial soaps can alter both our skin and gut microbiomes, which is concerning since those microbiomes influence gene expression. Similarly, using antibacterial and disinfecting products in homes affects the home microbiome. Thus, choosing safe cleaning alternatives is increasingly important.
Research indicates pesticide exposure alters the body’s microbiome and does the same to the home environment. Many people routinely spray pesticides around their homes without realizing the impact. Wearing outdoor shoes indoors can also bring in undesirable elements, even if pesticides aren’t directly applied to the home’s surroundings.
Now for some positive news—here’s how you can nurture a healthy home microbiome:
1. If you’re starting with negative factors like mold, pesticides, or strong antibacterial use, consider introducing beneficial bacteria through probiotics. For instance, using a probiotic spray can help optimize your home’s microbial environment.
2. Removing shoes before entering the house is a simple practice with health benefits. Shoes track in contaminants picked up from places like stores and public areas.
3. Natural cleaners effectively keep homes clean without harming good bacteria. I use products like Branch Basics and DIY disinfecting wipes for safe cleaning.
4. Avoiding pesticides and harsh antibacterial products is easier with many natural options available. I use diatomaceous earth instead of harsh chemicals and make DIY natural cleaners.
5. Boost your beneficial bacteria by consuming probiotic-rich foods, interacting with healthy soil, and using natural soaps. Spending time in the garden and eating foods like sauerkraut are beneficial.
6. Adding houseplants introduces beneficial microorganisms. Each plant, along with its soil, brings a variety of helpful bacteria and viruses. Just one plant per room can enhance your home environment.
7. Having a pet correlates with reduced risks of asthma and allergies in children. Adopting a pet improves your home’s microbiome and saves an animal in need.
8. Avoid frequent use of disinfectants and sanitizers. They can be more harmful than the germs they target. For most cleaning needs, natural products suffice. If strong disinfection is necessary, use hydrogen peroxide—a safe natural disinfectant.
9. Lastly, in environments with high pollution or specific concerns like smoke or mold damage, consider a high-quality air filter. It can help with pollutants, pet hair, and dust.
What’s your home’s microbiome like? Do you use any of these tips? Share your experience!
